Cyclospora Cases Slowing in US, But Iowa Among States Hit by Outbreak
New federal data suggests the record-breaking cyclospora outbreak that has sickened thousands of Americans this summer may be slowing down, but Iowa remains among the states affected by the parasitic infection linked to contaminated lettuce from Mexico.
More than 15,700 confirmed cases have been reported across 47 states since May 1, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. That number is dramatically higher than last summer's total of just 1,180 cases nationwide.
Iowa is one of 17 states reporting cases tied to the largest outbreak, which has been traced to iceberg lettuce supplied by Taylor Farms de Mexico. The company issued a voluntary recall of all affected products on Aug. 17.
What is Cyclospora and How Does It Spread?
Cyclospora cayetanensis is a microscopic parasite that infects the small intestine. People contract it by consuming food or water contaminated with fecal matter from an infected person, according to Kali Kniel, a professor of microbial food safety at the University of Delaware.
The parasite typically enters produce through contaminated soil or irrigation water. Fresh fruits and vegetables that are eaten raw are the most common culprits.
Unlike many foodborne illnesses, person-to-person transmission is extremely rare. The parasite requires one to two weeks outside the body to mature and become infectious.
What Are the Symptoms and Treatment Options?
Symptoms typically appear two days to two weeks after exposure. The hallmark sign is watery, sometimes explosive diarrhea that can last for weeks if untreated, according to the CDC.
Other symptoms include abdominal cramping, bloating, appetite loss, increased flatulence, and fatigue. Most healthy individuals recover without medical intervention, but the illness can cause relapses lasting up to a month or longer.
Cyclosporiasis is treatable with a combination antibiotic. Dr. Kavita Patel, a health policy expert and NBC News medical contributor, emphasized the importance of seeking clinical care.